Ethical Issues in Occupational Therapy Education: Possible Solutions

Abstract

This article presents the second part of the results of a study our team conducted on the ethical issues in occupational therapy education and their solutions. While the first article in 2020 highlighted these issues, this article focuses on ways to address them. The occupational therapist who teaches occupational therapy students is sooner or later confronted with ethical issues. However, these issues are not well documented in the literature, nor are the solutions used or considered by occupational therapists educators. In this qualitative study, eleven occupational therapist educators from four francophone universities in Quebec who are preparing the next generation of occupational therapists shared their success stories. Ten units of meaning related to these solutions emerge from the results, which have been grouped according to Glaser’s three domains of ethics (micro, meso and macro). The four micro-environmental solutions include: a) developing ethical skills; b) peer support; c) developing task-related skills; and d) self-care. The four meso-environmental solutions are: a) creating spaces for discussion; b) providing ethics training; c) doing meso advocacy; and d) changing the academic culture. The two macro-environmental solutions are: a) macro-level advocacy; and b) working in partnership with clinical settings. Although some of the solutions documented in the literature were not discussed by the participants, those discussed by the participants were consistent with the solutions discussed in the literature. The results indicate that ethics has a limited place in the preparation and continuing education of occupational therapy educators and that the organizational context, i.e., the culture of academia in general and research in particular, is likely to create ethical issues of concern.